URBAN ECOSYSTEMS

Any ecological system that is situated inside a city or other densely occupied region is referred to as an urban ecosystem. In a wider sense, an urban ecosystem refers to the larger ecological system that comprises an entire metropolitan area. In the field of ecology, urban ecosystems are categorised as a functional set of ecosystems that fall within the category of intensive land use biomes. Humans are responsible for the creation and upkeep of these ecological systems, which are distinguished by their structural complexity and extremely varied and dynamic geographical organisation. Cities, smaller villages, and industrial regions are all included in this category, and they are made up of a variety of patch types (e.g. buildings, paved surfaces, transport infrastructure, parks, gardens, and waste areas). Large amounts of imported water, fertiliser, food, and other resources are essential to the functioning of urban ecosystems. The writers of this book have addressed all of the key issues that are associated with urbanisation and the process by which it takes place. This book covers a wide range of subjects, and every one of those...