The study, manipulation, and engineering of matter, particles, and structures on the nanometer scale (one millionth of a millimeter, the size of atoms and molecules) are referred to as nanoscience. The way molecules and atoms organize on the nanoscale into bigger structures determines important aspects of materials such as electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, since quantum mechanical effects become relevant in nanometer-sized structures, these features often diverge from those on the macroscale. The application of nanoscience that results in the usage of novel nanomaterials and nanosize components in practical products is known as nanotechnology. Nanotechnology will someday allow us to create custom-made materials and goods with improved qualities, new nanoelectronic components, new sorts of "smart" medications and sensors, and even connections between electronics and biological systems. Nanoscience has had a significant impact on many sectors of science and technology, as well as society as a whole. This branch of study has led in the discovery and development of novel materials with specific properties, such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, which have practical uses in industries such as aviation, automobiles, and sports equipment.
