Research technique is essential in sociology since it helps establish the credibility and validity of the field’s findings. Different types of research, such as Positivist research and Interpretivist research, are employed for various reasons. Researchers use a variety of techniques, selecting the one that best fits their needs. Large-scale studies with many participants and researchers might benefit from survey research. It’s the most typical instance of a macro approach that fits the bill. A microtechnique, such as a participant observation, is more appropriate for the study of a smaller subset of people. The basic phases in any study design include selecting a subject, collecting relevant data, organising that data visually, developing and testing hypotheses, and validating the results. In the first phases of a study, an exploratory research design is utilised to gather basic data. The primary goal is to narrow the issue down to a manageable statement and come up with some hypotheses to test. It’s the first step in figuring out what options you have and eliminating some of them. Exploratory research makes use of a variety of techniques, including a review of the relevant literature, interviews with knowledgeable people, and the examination of specific cases. In early and exploratory investigations, researchers often utilise a descriptive study design, which involves a detailed description of pertinent factors. The descriptive study is less adaptable and more formal since it uses qualitative as well as quantitative data and may be used for positivist and non-positivist test research.