Over the last several years, there have been two key shifts in how much emphasis a business places on information security. Before the broad availability of data processing tools, physical and administrative papers were the primary means by which an organisation ensured the safety of information it deemed important. The latter category includes activities like vetting potential new employees. Using sturdy filing cabinets secured by a key or combination lock is an instance of the latter. The development of computers has resulted in the critical need for reliable automated methods of safeguarding data saved in digital form. For the systems like time-sharing systems, this is necessary, and for those that could be accessed through a public telephone data network or the internet, the requirement might be much more pressing. Distributed systems and the use of networks and communications facilities for transferring data between terminal users and computers represent the second significant shift that has had an impact on security. Data in transit must be protected, which is why network security is essential. Since every corporation, government agency, and educational institution uses a complex web of linked networks to connect its computer systems, the term “network security” is deceptive. As a field of study, cryptography is concerned with the development of secure systems for transmitting private information across a network. Art and cryptography go hand in hand. Cryptography ensures that people may continue to trust the digital world. An electric channel is a trustworthy place for people to do business without the need to resort to trickery.